During the PSEW2025 Conference in Świnoujście, which aimed to discuss the key challenges and prospects for the development of Polish wind energy, the twelfth edition of the report “Wind energy in Poland 2025” was launched. This cyclical study was prepared by experts from the Polish Wind Energy Association (PSEW/PWEA), the consulting company TPA Poland / Baker Tilly TPA, and the law firm DWF.

The “Wind energy in Poland” report is a comprehensive summary of the state of the Polish onshore and offshore wind energy sector. Its aim is to present the issues, prospects, and challenges facing the industry. The publication, which has been published since 2009, provides a detailed description of the market, current challenges, and legal and business constraints. It contains unique data and multifaceted analyses covering regulatory, legal, financial, commercial, tax, and public aid issues.

Since 2022, the report has been enriched with special supplements that explore wind energy issues from the perspective of a specific topic or business area. Since 2023, the report has permanently covered not only onshore but also offshore wind energy.

Key Findings and Analyses from the Report

This year’s report emphasizes that wind energy is one of the main pillars of the energy transition in Europe, which is even more relevant for Poland due to its high-emission energy mix. The high emissions of the Polish energy generation system, resulting from the dominance of coal-fired power plants and the lack of nuclear power plants, means that the intensive expansion of wind energy sources is and will remain the only option in the coming decades.

The main points analyzed in the report are:

  • Impact of the 10H distance standard: The report estimates that reducing the distance standard for onshore farms to 500 meters could bring over 41 GW of installed capacity by 2040, as opposed to just 22 GW without changing these regulations. It is emphasized that a further reduction of this distance to 500 m is awaiting the final steps in the legislative process.
  • Financing models: The publication delves into the evolving financing models for wind projects. The growing importance of corporate power purchase agreements (cPPAs), both physical and virtual, is noted. Challenges such as high inflation, higher cost of capital, and reduced availability of financing in Poland compared to Western Europe are also highlighted. The auction support system, scheduled to run until June 30, 2047, is expected to continue to play an important role in securing financing.
  • Connection challenges: The report highlights the growing problem of refusals to connect new installations to the power grid, recognizing this as the most serious factor hindering the development of RES. Investments in grid development and the adaptation of connection procedures to modern realities are necessary. Changes to the Energy Law are also discussed, such as allowing oversizing of RES installations and solutions to improve the use of existing infrastructure, e.g., cable pooling.
  • Offshore Wind Energy (OWE): The report discusses in detail the potential of OWE in the Baltic Sea, estimated at 33 GW of total installed capacity. The anticipated development of OWE to 18 GW by 2040 represents an investment of PLN 300 billion. The report also discusses planned auctions for OWE energy, with the first one for 4 GW of installed capacity scheduled for 2025.
  • Financial and tax analyses: The study includes a detailed financial analysis, modeling of revenues, operating costs, and interest on capital, as well as investment profitability indicators (LCOE). Tax aspects of investing in onshore and offshore energy are also presented.
  • Wind industry and supply chain: This year’s special supplement is devoted to the wind industry and its role in the supply chain for onshore and offshore energy. It discusses the challenges, the need to develop domestic industrial capacity and the labor market, as well as the importance of innovation and research. Forms of public support under national and European programs, such as KPO, FEnIKS, and FENG, are also presented.

The report “Wind energy in Poland 2025” aims to provide in-depth knowledge and valuable insights to help make informed investment and regulatory decisions in the Polish wind energy sector. Link to download the report: https://windenergy-tpa.pl/en/

Source: TPA